Progressive Era court reform led to creation of new courts that had both formal and informal positions, some of which were filled by women lawyers and representatives of women's organizations. The Juvenile Court in Chicago, the Chicago Morals Court, and the New York Night Court (subsequently Women's Court) differed in the network of activists promoting their creation, and therefore also differed in the amount of influence organized women and women lawyers wielded in these institutions.
Right: Judge Mary Bartelme, Chicago Juvenile Court